The goal of a results section of a research paper APA is to reject or confirm the research question or questions that make the foundation of your study. The results don’t prove The Results Purpose of Guide Types of Research Designs 1. Choosing a Topic 2. Preparing to Write 3. The Abstract 4. The Introduction 5. The Literature Review 6. The Methodology 7. The · Your results should always be written in the past tense. While the length of this section depends on how much data you collected and analyzed, it should be written as · The results and discussion sections are one of the challenging sections to write. It is important to plan this section carefully as it may contain a large amount of scientific data that ... read more
Now present the results that address this specific research question first. In this case, perhaps a table illustrating data from a survey. Likert items can be included in this example. Tables can also present standard deviations, probabilities, correlation matrices, etc. Following this, present a content analysis, in words, of one end of the spectrum of the survey or data table. In our example case, start with the POSITIVE survey responses regarding postoperative care, using descriptive phrases. For example:. Include other results such as subcategory analyses. The amount of textual description used will depend on how much interpretation of tables and figures is necessary and how many examples the reader needs in order to understand the significance of your research findings.
Next, present a content analysis of another part of the spectrum of the same research question, perhaps the NEGATIVE or NEUTRAL responses to the survey. For instance:. After you have assessed the data in one figure and explained it sufficiently, move on to your next research question. This kind of data may be presented through a figure or set of figures for instance, a paired T-test table. The figure containing this data is cited in parentheses. Note that this author has combined three graphs into one single figure. Separating the data into separate graphs focusing on specific aspects makes it easier for the reader to assess the findings, and consolidating this information into one figure saves space and makes it easy to locate the most relevant results.
Following this overall summary, the relevant data in the tables is broken down into greater detail in text form in the Results section. Tables and figures are central components of your Results section and you need to carefully think about the most effective way to use graphs and tables to present your findings. Therefore, it is crucial to know how to write strong figure captions and to refer to them within the text of the Results section. The most important advice one can give here as well as throughout the paper is to check the requirements and standards of the journal to which you are submitting your work.
Regardless of which format you use, the figures should be placed in the order they are referenced in the Results section and be as clear and easy to understand as possible. If there are multiple variables being considered within one or more research questions , it can be a good idea to split these up into separate figures. Subsequently, these can be referenced and analyzed under separate headings and paragraphs in the text. To create a caption, consider the research question being asked and change it into a phrase. Because each study is unique, there is no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to designing a strategy for structuring and writing the section of a research paper where findings are presented. It should follow the Methods and Materials presentation and the Discussion section comes after it.
But most scientific papers present the Results and Discussion sections together. Ideally, this section allows you to report findings in research paper, creating the basis for sufficiently justified conclusions. After writing the study findings in the results section, you interpret them in the subsequent discussion part. Therefore, your results section should report information that will justify your claims. That way, you can look back on the results section when writing the discussion part to ensure that your report supports your conclusions. This section should present results in research paper. The findings part of a research paper can differ in structure depending on the study, discipline, and journal. Nevertheless, the results section presents a description of the experiment while presenting the research results.
When writing this part of your research paper, you can use graphs and tables if necessary. However, state the findings without interpreting them. For instance, you can find a correlation between variables when analyzing data. In that case, your results section can explain this correlation without speculating about the causes of this correlation. Ensure that your results section cites and numbers visual elements in an orderly manner. Every table or figure should stand alone without text. That means visual elements should have adequate non-textual content to enable the audiences to understand their meanings.
If your study has a broad scope, several variables, or used methodologies that yielded different results, state the most relevant results only based on the research question you presented in your Introduction section. Unless the professor, advisor, university faulty, or your target journal requests you to combine the Results and Discussion sections, omit the interpretations and explanations of the results in this section. The findings section of a research paper ranges between two and three pages, with tables, text, and figures. For instance, this section should have words if a dissertation has 10, words.
Nevertheless, be as concise as possible by featuring only relevant results that answer your research question. And your search for guidelines landed you on this page. Well, every research project is different and unique. The scientific or academic discipline, specialization field, target journal, and the author are factors influencing how you write this section. The results part of a research paper aims to present the key findings objectively in a logical and orderly sequence using text and illustrative materials. A common mistake that many authors make is confusing the information in the discussion and the results sections. To avoid this, focus on presenting your research findings without interpreting them or speculating about them.
Luckily, our highly educated, talented, and experienced writers are always ready to assist such learners. If you are stuck with the results part of your paper, our professionals can help you. We offer high-quality, custom writing help online. We deliver highly informative academic papers after conducting extensive and in-depth research. Your email address will not be published. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. As Putin continues killing civilians, bombing kindergartens, and threatening WWIII, Ukraine fights for the world's peaceful future. Ukraine Live Updates. Blog » Results Section Of A Research Paper: How To Write It Properly.
What Is The Results Section Of A Research Paper? What Goes in the Results Section of a Research Paper? How Long Should A Results Section Be? Check the instructions or guidelines. These guidelines outline the requirements for presenting results in research papers. Also, check the published articles to know how to approach this section. When reviewing the procedures, check content restrictions and length. Essentially, learn everything you can about this section from the instructions or guidelines before you start writing.
Fraud alert! Go to Kolabtree How It Works Find an Expert. Laura Moro-Martin, freelance scientific writer on Kolabtree, provides expert tips on how to write the results section of a research paper. Now it is time to write the Results of your research article. This part of the paper reports the findings of the experiments that you conducted to answer the research question s. The Results can be considered the nucleus of a scientific article because they justify your claims, so you need to ensure that they are clear and understandable. Depending on the discipline, journal, and the nature of the study, the structure of the article can differ.
We will focus on articles were the Results and Discussion appear in two separate sections, but it is possible in some cases to combine them. In the Results section, you provide an overall description of the experiments and present the data that you obtained in a logical order, using tables and graphs as necessary. The Results section should simply state your findings without bias or interpretation. For example, in your analysis, you may have noticed a significant correlation between two variables never described before. It is correct to explain this in the Results section. However, speculation about the reasons for this correlation should go in the Discussion section of your paper.
In general, the Results section includes the following elements:. In the Results section, you need to write concisely and objectively, leaving interpretation for the Discussion section. Read them carefully and observe how the Results section is structured, the type and amount of information provided, and how the findings are exposed in a logical order. Keep an eye on visual elements, such as figures, tables, and supplementary materials. Understand what works well in those papers to effectively convey their findings, and apply it to your writing. Your Results section needs to describe the sequence of what you did and found, the frequency of occurrence of a particular event or result, the quantities of your observations, and the causality i.
the relationships or connections between the events that you observed. To organize the results, you can try to provide them alongside the research questions. In practice, this means that you will organize this section based on the sequence of tables and figures summarizing the results of your statistical analysis. In this way, it will be easier for readers to look at and understand your findings. You need to report your statistical findings, without describing every step of your statistical analysis. Tables and figures generally report summary-level data for example, means and standard deviations , rather than all the raw data.
Following, you can prepare the summary text to support those visual elements. You need not only to present but also to explain your findings, showing how they help to address the research question s and how they align with the objectives that you presented in the Introduction. Keep in mind that results do not speak for themselves, so if you do not describe them in words, the reader may perceive the findings differently from you. In summary, the general steps for writing the Results section of a research article are:. Try to improve the rhythm to move the reader along, use transitions and connectors between different sections and paragraphs, and dedicate time to revise your writing.
The Results section should be written in the past tense. Although writing in the passive voice may be tempting, the use of the active voice makes the action much more visualizable. The passive voice weakens the power of language and increases the number of words needed to say the same thing, so we recommend using the active voice as much as possible. Another tip to make your language visualizable and reduce sentence length is the use of verbal phrases instead of long nouns. Writing a scientific article is not an individual work. Take advantage of your co-authors by making them check the Results section and adding their comments and suggestions.
Not only that, but an external opinion will help you to identify misinterpretations or errors. Ask a colleague that is not directly involved in the work to review your Results and then try to evaluate what your colleague did or did not understand. If needed, seek additional help from a qualified expert. Several mistakes frequently occur when you write the Results section of a research paper. Here we have collected a few examples:. In summary, the Results section is the nucleus of your paper that justifies your claims. Take time to adequately organize it and prepare understandable figures and tables to convey your message to the reader. Good writing! Kolabtree helps businesses worldwide hire experts on demand. Our freelancers have helped companies publish research papers, develop products, analyze data, and more.
It only takes a minute to tell us what you need done and get quotes from experts for free. Ramya Sriram manages digital content and communications at Kolabtree kolabtree. com , the world's largest freelancing platform for scientists. She has over a decade of experience in publishing, advertising and digital content creation. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. You are at: Home » Research » How to Write the Results Section of a Research Paper. Table of Contents. About Author Ramya Sriram Ramya Sriram manages digital content and communications at Kolabtree kolabtree. October 10, 0. September 5, 0. August 24, 0. Leave A Reply Cancel Reply Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
· Your results should always be written in the past tense. While the length of this section depends on how much data you collected and analyzed, it should be written as The goal of a results section of a research paper APA is to reject or confirm the research question or questions that make the foundation of your study. The results don’t prove · The results and discussion sections are one of the challenging sections to write. It is important to plan this section carefully as it may contain a large amount of scientific data that The Results Purpose of Guide Types of Research Designs 1. Choosing a Topic 2. Preparing to Write 3. The Abstract 4. The Introduction 5. The Literature Review 6. The Methodology 7. The ... read more
It is a precise, brief and important guides;. Your results section should report the results of any statistical tests you used to compare groups or assess relationships between variables. New York: W. Present your results as figures and tables and point the reader to relevant items while discussing the results. Your results section should objectively report your findings, presenting only brief observations in relation to each question, hypothesis, or theme. Note that this author has combined three graphs into one single figure. A mathematician reads the newspaper.
As Communication students, it's expected that you are not only able to communicate your research project in written form but also in person. keep it results in a research paper Sokal, The academic writing should be clear, impartial, and objective. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Your hypothesis, research question, or methodologies might influence the structure of the findings sections.